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HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 significantly performance over HTTP/1.1. HTTP/2 introduced multiplexing: multiple requests over a single TCP connection. Header compression using HPACK reduces overhead. Server push allows servers to send resources before client requests. Stream prioritization optimizes resource loading order. Binary protocol replaces HTTP/1.1's text-based format. HTTP/3 uses QUIC protocol built on UDP instead of TCP. QUIC eliminates head-of-line blocking that affects HTTP/2. Connection establishment reduces from 2-3 round trips to 0-1. QUIC includes built-in encryption similar to TLS 1.3. Network migration support maintains connections across IP address changes. HTTP/3 adoption grows with major platforms enabling it. CDNs like Cloudflare and Fastly support HTTP/3. Browser support is universal in modern browsers. Server configuration requires TLS 1.3 and ALPN negotiation. Migration from HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/2 is typically transparent. Performance gains are most noticeable on high-latency connections. Both protocols maintain backward compatibility. Optimizing for these protocols requires understanding their characteristics.